Piston



A. J. PATCH July 1, 1930.

PISTON Filed June 26, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS July 1, 1930. A PATCH 1,169,646

PISTON Filed June 26, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR .fllZew 1PM,

Patented July 1, 1930 2 A 'LEiq'J. PATCHgOF RiroN, wisconsm V msmon" fba ipncatioil mea riip 'ae, was; Serial leg-373m i i This invention relatestofa composite pis ton and particularly to, such a'pi'ston which maybe used; in internal combustion engines. {It hashe'retofore been; proposed to" construct pistons for internal" combustion en'- gines in which the" main body of thepiston is made of "some of the lighter metals such as aluminum and agnesium, or alloys of these metals; Because of their light weight and high coeflicient' of heat conductivity such metals or alloys have certain advan-' tagesovfercast iron and other heavier Inetf als in such pistons; *However', those advan tagesare atleast partially ofisetby the fact that the lighter metals are: generallyfsofter and aresubject to rapid wear when work ing in a cast iron engine cylinder. To over come this disadvantage to the "use'i'oif light V. as their 7 alloys, is considerably greater than that of cast iron andother he'ayy, we r-resistiii'g metals, it has frequently happened i i flm qee l. pe i xfl e t the changes in temperature to which fpijstons of, internal combustion engines are isjubj ect' ed; either one 'or the other of the partsg'or corn damaged. i

the fastening means betw en thein5 has "be.

It so i @imyiifiv n an wpr ee a composite iston which iwin'f ni' etgit ereg i i r ih fnt Q i P s on w rie' e fij l g t-1 ness,-strength and durability, and wh ch will also allow for} the difi'erence inthe e0;

efiicient of expansion of the different metals froin which *the wear-resisting "skirt and; the

the pistonsjare cons ruc ed-f; a .7 r FMy inve'ntion further "aims-to provide'a thermally conductive light body portions of slid.

Ineans for attaehing flieskirt portion tame body portion of the piston which' will prmits uch relative movement between thetwo portions as may be causedby circumferential expansion resulting from difleren'cesfin the coeflicients of expansionof the difi'erent metals; and thereby prevent radiah distor tion of or other detrimental eifects iupon the surrounding skirt portion. '-}I-tf-is also an object of my invention to provide iieansffor attaching the" skirtf'portion' whi ch will efiectively hold the same in place upon the body portion when the piston is in operation," 'but' which wi'll permit 'the skirt" portion to be readily removed 'by' f'a mechanicshould'it become necessar'y tore place orrepair any ofthebaits; 1 In) accordance with my invention-' 1 pro- 1 videia main 'pilston body {portion of some. metal such as aluminum-vol magneslum or j an; alloy 0:6 these metals which will insure the piston being 'sufiicie ntly5 light in weight and: having s high coefli'cient ofheat fconductivity; and removably j securedjtof it 3 a surrounding skirt of cast, iron 01" etherwear resisting; metal; The lower end of thebody portion of the 1 piston is reduced in dian'ieter to receive the skirt which issecuredtli'ereto by-means 0 f lil' rizontal ribs on the inner side of the skirt engaging a circumferential groove in thebodyportion; The'lower'wall- .7

of the circumferentialgroove is cut away at spaced intervals toperinit the ribsj'of the skirt [to be passed up i therethroiigh: and; into the gro0ve,'i after 3 which the skirt is tui'ned slightly to reiinoverthe 'ribs'ffrom-alignment the reniaiii'ing portionsifo th p V g of 5 the groove; and hold fth t'wo' lp 'artsf to-r gather. -To prevent-jthei skirt from being lower wall turned-on the'body'portion whereby the ribs might again be brought intfo aligninentfiwith V the cut-outs and the Skirt pOrtiOnse arated from; the bod =porti0n,i sis-locking memberin. thefprm o a steel "springds: inserted upwardlygthrough the cut-routs; and caused to rest'in the groove and fo rm a "stop 1 against wh 7 the; .ends oi the b would strike take pleeeg 1 i i e i hliei he ew ld rec i n:

The invention is further illustrated in the accompanyin drawings and descr1pt1on,but

' y it is tobe un erstood that this further illus tration' and description is an exempllfication Figure l is avertical sectional o'nline 1--1q Fig. 2 piston ern bodving' r g i my invention; i 2-1-2013 Fig. 1,;, h s V r 1 Fig. 3is aneIe atiOnaI vieW-of the ,piston glwith theskirt portionfre'rnove'dg i a eles-e m fii l s e ienal e of th nsverse-fsectiional view 0f i0 ar enr 'on i e 7175 iFlgr ed sectional view taken H r r 'm nsib twe nwbody t, porti n e: .-1-1? -P tenf Referring nowto 5113116 draaw inggthe 1111:

istgn which 2 is maide of ,a glig h-t "1 ,011 as; al n m r m g? qy {of;; these metals. be The p .9 1; 1 he tlwhs a bearing 2,: o drg hee eb es -=i 0 t1he 1 ispther wearvresisting rimeiert p'a t oef the r al diameter l t r ehdiemeter f "5 st p e-5e" 5 t baa? neldtgmrtion :partir: 'zbertngec i'duced n diameter; insuresiitheit sp being finaintained be j Etweennthe of =theintoover1iethe portions between the cut- .17 indica-tes {the ai-haina body portion;

slightlylqarid? push them upwardly @throug-h hich" V recesses .11

p w i i o a s ort t- A; pistGnFcOmpr I is reeet reem mgronveg'fii L'Dhfs'kirt is then turned a dis- Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on' line,

rib which will remove all of the ribs from 'alignment with the cut-outs 10 and cause 80 outs and thereby retain the :skirt on the i I i a The thickened {is 1 provided with ;-a recess 11- .at the upper ,part aof two of the cut-" u s in wl iqh lq k 'y mB. bers.-l' m5 preferably :in the 'f orni-offla at gsteelh's prin'g, are inserted. 'lfhese flocking n embers ane wider Ithan gthe xibs 9- and, es, shown in; Fig. 2; have theirf lends projecting out oftherecesses l1- and lying aadjacent' both the ends 310 of the f respective ribs -9 ,and the 71 upper portion of the walls defining the out-outs .10 n h r y p v t h ski t r st pn r m beingiturned on. thelbod portion whereby the" ribs rfnig'ht be brpflg ht ti-ntoi'alignnhent withflthje cut-outs iand the skirt separated frointh body port'ionr 1 7 r T-e 'ff ie L- 'h' Q9 e 2i 1e i b Jn Q th recesses .11 is only necessary tohend ithem cuts 10., Assoon as they get oppo e recesses. they vst'raig' hten out in 1 the i w n E s- W1 Whe vlips I3 v iiorming the lower they: overlie ;Ith wallbf theiieeesses. Z

Shouldit be desired at any time tome} move the V skirt tognake airs or. replacem me; t i l nee sa an n r itw through l the .cut-outsfagain 1bo1id the nieni'bers. to conform Ethel curvaturelof the cut-outs} when they canjbe lulled out and" theks'kirt. then turned entil the Pribs;

align with jthecu't outs .10. r 1

the intention: been; described "to "the particular cqristrucd w ngs, bi e nrl sg hange w thin h h :ppei d e i ms'mayhm de. 1; A piston "epmpfisingiaytad portion having a; circumferent al ;groove, a; surtffi Skirt h ee lees' n inte n ri 1 t e ve enitm s'p finfi ra I cal fHQYeIHII but rewnfiiggsubsta eili rotary .moveme' between the boay portion and the 'slfi rrt said Pmeans havin i :tive commotion lwi'th eithertheibo severe H me i v rounding skirt having at least one internal rib in said'groove and a spring member forming an abutment for the end of the rib for preventing substantial rotary movement between he body portion and the skirt. 3. A piston comprising a body portion having a circumferential groove, a portion' of the lower wall defining said groove being cut away to form a cut-out, the body portion also having a recess adjacent the upper end of the cut-out a skirt portion having an internal rib in sald groove and means par- 7 tially within said recess for preventing substantial movement between the. skirt and body portion.

In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature.

' ALLEN J. PATCH. 

